Examples include CO 2 methanation ( Schiebahn et al., 2015 Bailera et al., 2017 Chwola et al., 2020) or conversion to methanol ( Son et al., 2018). A number of industrial pilot plants or demo size units have been developed to demonstrate techno-economic feasibility. There is, on the other hand, a fast-evolving scenario for CO 2 utilization paths, in terms of both costs and technical feasibility. Although the conclusions are often contradictory, it is commonly suggested that there still exist large barriers for the implementation and deployment of CCU. (2014), Centi and Perathoner (2014), Perathoner and Centi (2014), Laumb et al. Many reviews and papers have discussed the costs and techno-economic feasibility of CO 2 utilization routes, a selection (not exhaustive) of which is the following: Centi and Perathoner (2010), Quadrelli et al. This is the way to account the impact of CCU (CO 2 utilization) routes ( Lanzafame et al., 2017a). CO 2 large-scale reduction is when its use is as medium to increase renewable energy utilization. This impact must be considered in terms of services provided using CO 2 to substitute fossil resources rather than in terms of 1) amount of CO 2 stored and 2) storage time ( Schlögl et al., 2018). The techno-economic feasibility of CO 2 utilization routes is a crucial element for their industrial implementation, together with other relevant aspects, such as the impact on the reduction of CO 2 emissions ( Centi et al., 2019a Centi et al., 2019b). Case examples discussed in a more detail regard the CO 2 to methanol or methane conversion, from the perspective of highlighting possible issues or limits rather than to indicate which results are more valuable, which is out of the scope of this contribution. It remarks the need of a careful analysis of the specific context, and of the limits of the evaluation, in order to go beyond the just use of the results without a proper analysis of how the data support the conclusions, their limits and applicability.
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The main elements of the analysis of the economics are commented to provide guidelines on how to interpret the techno-economic results in the area of CO 2 utilization. The economics of CO 2 utilization are discussed from a critical perspective, with a concise analysis of the state-of-the-art of economics in power-to-X (methanol, methane). 2NEXTCHEM (Maire Tecnimont for Energy Transition), Rome, Italy.1Departments MIFT and ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina and ERIC Aisbl, Messina, Italy.This relationship is not possible based on lifespan dates.Gabriele Centi 1 *, Siglinda Perathoner 1, Annarita Salladini 2 and Gaetano Iaquaniello 2 You have chosen this person to be their own family member. Year should not be greater than current year Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. Sorry! There are no volunteers for this cemetery. GREAT NEWS! There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 15 photos to this memorial This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 30 photos This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 5 photos to this memorial This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 20 photos You may not upload any more photos to this memorial
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